Alfred Bernhardt Nobel was an inventor and the person who established the Nobel Peace Prize. He set the criteria as “the person who shall have done the most or the best work for fraternity between nations, for the abolition or reduction of standing armies and for the holding and promotion of peace congresses.” The first recipients awarded the Nobel in 1901 were German, Wilhelm Conrad von Röntgen, Jakobus Hendricus van t’Hoff and the German Nobel Laureate in Medicine, Emil Adolf von Behring and the French minister, who received the Nobel Prize in Literature, the poet, Sully Prudhomme.